Initial GeoIntel V1 foundation

docs/18-ultra-prep/QA_QC_MATCHING_ALGORITHM.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# QA/QC Matching Algorithm
+
+## Goal
+Compare AI detections/segmentations with a reference layer such as GRB buildings.
+
+## Inputs
+- predicted polygons
+- reference polygons
+- class filter
+- IoU threshold, default 0.5
+
+## Steps
+1. Validate CRS alignment.
+2. Reproject to analytical CRS.
+3. Build spatial indexes.
+4. For every predicted polygon, find candidate reference polygons by bbox intersection.
+5. Compute IoU for candidates.
+6. Assign best match above threshold greedily, one reference per prediction.
+7. Count true positives, false positives, false negatives.
+8. Compute precision, recall, F1, mean IoU.
+9. Produce unmatched prediction layer and unmatched reference layer.
+
+## Metrics
+```text
+precision = TP / (TP + FP)
+recall = TP / (TP + FN)
+f1 = 2 * precision * recall / (precision + recall)
+IoU = intersection_area / union_area
+```
+
+## Output Layers
+- matched predictions
+- false positives
+- false negatives
+- low IoU matches
+
+## Edge Cases
+- empty predictions and empty reference: score should be explicit `no_objects` not perfect success;
+- empty predictions with reference: recall 0;
+- predictions with empty reference: precision 0;
+- invalid polygons must be repaired or excluded with warning.